Jan 26, 2016 · Could not initialize class io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm , java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, 0 HTTP Status 500 - Handler processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: The specified module could not be found I had this issue when working on a spring-boot application. The problem was caused by hibernate-validator 6.0.11 which seems to have an erroneous dependency on javax validation-api 2.0.1.Final. java.lang.IllegalAccessError: class org.apache.spark.storage.StorageUtils$ (in unnamed module @0x12a94400) cannot access class sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer (in module java.base) because module java.base does not export sun.nio.ch to unnamed moduleFor me the issue was due to the fact that in my pom.xml Java 13 was mentioned, on the server machine java 17 was installed. So updated server java version to be what it is in pom.xml If you have multiple versions of JDK on Linux please use this command to choose the correct oneNov 1, 2020 · Today, I updated it and everything went downhill. I've been having different errors throughout my attempt to fix this. First error: could not initialize class org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.invokerhelper. Second error: could not initialize class org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.ReflectionCache. Anyways, I've been researching and I've done the following. Jun 28, 2021 · I have seen this: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class XXX And this: Different methodologies for solving bugs that only occur in production But my question is, given what the ... "java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.xml.security.Init" the confusing part is if I remove the xmlsec.jar from libs, it still knows the . import "org.apache.xml.security.Init" but when I delete that and try to rewrite the same: import "org.apache.xml.security.Init"Jul 2, 2021 · when we migrated from Oracle JDK-8 to Open JDK-11, Apache POI excel generation has issues tried already -Djava.awt.headless=true org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Handler dispatch Nov 9, 2022 · What Is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError? When the Java Runtime runs a Java program, it does not load all the classes and dependencies at once. Instead, it calls upon the Java Classloader to load classes in memory as-and-when-required. While loading a class, if the Classloader cannot find the class’s definition, it throws the NoClassDefFoundError. Jul 7, 2021 · Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question.Provide details and share your research! But avoid …. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The ClientConfiguration of aws-java-sdk-osgi-1.11.26.jar is dependent of Jackson-databind.jar Jackson-databind.jar is dependent on Jackson-core.jar So it is not able to initialize ClientConfiguration. Added Import-Package importing all from jackson-core-osgi.jar in Manifest of Jackson-databind-osgi.jar. Then the issue is resolvedI keep getting java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRStyledTextParser The full stacktrace is: java.lang ...Spark Error: Could not initialize class org.apache.spark.rdd.RDDOperationScope. I've created a spark standalone cluster on my laptop, then I go into an sbt console on a spark project and try to embed a spark instance as so: val conf = new SparkConf ().setAppName ("foo").setMaster (/* Spark Master URL*/) val sc = new SparkContext (conf) sc ...Jasperreport in Java 11. java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRStyledTextParser Hot Network Questions Removing certain elements from a list of lists1 posted 9 years ago Hi Harry, I have copied the bean in the right folder which is visible to my application. I think Could not initialize class xxx means it was able to access it. In case the class could not be found, it would display java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: xxxThanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question.Provide details and share your research! But avoid …. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.Aug 4, 2017 · Apparently it was an issue with the server environment, probably the environment variables where not pointing to the right place, don't know for sure but after we talk about it the person in charge fixed the problem. Jasperreport in Java 11. java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRStyledTextParser Hot Network Questions Removing certain elements from a list of listsDownloaded apache 3.2.0 the latest one as well as the hadoop file java Java SE Development Kit 17.0.1 is installed too i am not even able to initialize input : import pyspark from pyspark.sql import4 Answers. This problem is caused by not including the asm dependencies that cglib has. Solution 1: Add the correct versions of asm and asm-util to your classpath. Solution 2: Use the cglib-nodep version (which includes both asm dependencies). I can't thank you enough for your valuable answer for the problem.Jan 5, 2021 · 1. I've decided to post this question because it took me the whole morning to find a solution... especially because the most common reason for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class weblogic.jndi.Environment to occur, is when weblogic.jar and wlfullclient.jar aren't being properly located by any of IDE, WebApp, or WL. Feb 15, 2011 · This is a missing jars in the class path issue. I had this issue and found that with by adding the missing jars to the class path it resolved the issue. From the below article java.dzone.com article I found that the minimal jars necessary are...Now The versions numbers have changed but with these libraries only I managed to get it working. The root cause of the issue is correct - missed "Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable" but I haven't had installed exact version - "Microsoft Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable х64", and the similar environment works well without errors. Mar 14, 2018 · java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.font.PDFont. For other file extensions it works fine. Things I have tried out dependencies in apache-tika module.xml to PDFbox Explicitly loaded org.apache.pdfbox from standalone.xml I could resolve the issue. The problem was the minor version of pdfbox, fontbox and jempbox were not the same. Hence the PDFFont was not initialized, because internally it needs to load the classes of fontbox also and probably there was a mismatch in the version id of the classesKotlin: [Internal Error] java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class com.intellij.pom.java.LanguageLevel Ask Question Asked 2 years, 2 months agoI had this issue when working on a spring-boot application. The problem was caused by hibernate-validator 6.0.11 which seems to have an erroneous dependency on javax validation-api 2.0.1.Final. 5 Answers. I think you might be using the wrong version of Java. From the doc: Spark runs on Java 8/11, Scala 2.12, Python 3.6+ and R 3.5+. Python 3.6 support is deprecated as of Spark 3.2.0. Java 8 prior to version 8u201 support is deprecated as of Spark 3.2.0. For the Scala API, Spark 3.2.0 uses Scala 2.12.May 8, 2019 · 1 Usually it is caused by class conflict. There is multiple version of the jar used in your project,and java picked the incorrect one. You can check which version is really in dependency hierarchy by passing the artifactId. You shouldn't need to import util.HibernateUtil. You may need to either declare the HibernateUtil class as static eg public static class HibernateUtils{and then using by writing HibernateUtil.doAThing(); or instantiate a HibernateUtil Object eg HibernateUtil hibUtil = new HibernateUtil(); and use hibUtil.doAThing(); instead.For the latter though you'll need to include a Constructor to your ...2 Answers Sorted by: 1 This is an old question, but I think it deserves a better answer. There are actually two things going on here. Some time before the exception that the Question is talking about, the JVM has attempted to execute the static initialization for the AccessorFactory class.Jasperreport in Java 11. java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRStyledTextParser Hot Network Questions Paid beta seems to have skipped large portions of my manuscriptApparently it was an issue with the server environment, probably the environment variables where not pointing to the right place, don't know for sure but after we talk about it the person in charge fixed the problem.That also worked just fine for me while using OpenJDK 11. w/o any code modification. I am using java.base.* enc/dec on my fronted class instead of javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter, but jjwt (0.9.0) brings it back in when generating the token.awesome. When I tried to run the failing testcase in Intellij it told me about the 'java.lang.IllegalStateException: Detected both log4j-over-slf4j.jar AND bound slf4j-log4j12.jar on the class path' And hidden in the stacktrace it showed: 'at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<clinit>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:96) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder ...Mar 30, 2017 · Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams Jun 23, 2017 · I have updated my dependecies like you said in your comment and i have this now : org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start embedded container; nested exception is org. The ClientConfiguration of aws-java-sdk-osgi-1.11.26.jar is dependent of Jackson-databind.jar Jackson-databind.jar is dependent on Jackson-core.jar So it is not able to initialize ClientConfiguration. Added Import-Package importing all from jackson-core-osgi.jar in Manifest of Jackson-databind-osgi.jar. Then the issue is resolvedIf this specific jar doesn't suit you, there are a few others where chis class could be found. If you use Eclipse, there is a handy tool that allows you to see what jars contain the class you need, and this way you can see what makes most sense given what you are doing. Under Mac, you can press CMD+Shift+T and enter the class name. Hope this helps.Jul 7, 2021 · Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question.Provide details and share your research! But avoid …. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about TeamsOct 4, 2018 · If this specific jar doesn't suit you, there are a few others where chis class could be found. If you use Eclipse, there is a handy tool that allows you to see what jars contain the class you need, and this way you can see what makes most sense given what you are doing. Under Mac, you can press CMD+Shift+T and enter the class name. Hope this helps. I think ill-behaved plugins could cause ImageIO to crash during initialization and cause the problem you see. And to answer one of your questions, yes, any Java 7 JRE must contain java.awt.* and javax.imageio.* packages. – Harald K.1. I've decided to post this question because it took me the whole morning to find a solution... especially because the most common reason for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class weblogic.jndi.Environment to occur, is when weblogic.jar and wlfullclient.jar aren't being properly located by any of IDE, WebApp, or WL.Jan 6, 2020 · 1. That is almost certainly not the complete stack trace. Either that stack trace or an earlier one in the log file will tell you what caused the initialization of sun.awt.X11.XToolkit to fail. However, I'd hazard a guess that the root cause is that the JVM running the web countainer is "headless"; i.e. it doesn't have an accessible display. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question.Provide details and share your research! But avoid …. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.1 posted 9 years ago Hi Harry, I have copied the bean in the right folder which is visible to my application. I think Could not initialize class xxx means it was able to access it. In case the class could not be found, it would display java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: xxxThis is another common reason for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, when your class performs some static initialization in a static block like many Singleton classes initialized itself on the static block to take advantage of thread-safety provided by JVM during the class initialization process, and if static block throws an Exception, the class ...Jul 27, 2020 · 1 Answer. You shouldn't need to import util.HibernateUtil. You may need to either declare the HibernateUtil class as static eg public static class HibernateUtils { and then using by writing HibernateUtil.doAThing (); or instantiate a HibernateUtil Object eg HibernateUtil hibUtil = new HibernateUtil (); and use hibUtil.doAThing (); instead.For ... Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question.Provide details and share your research! But avoid …. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.Sep 11, 2020 · And I get the following error: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.spark.eventhubs.EventHubsConf$ Cluster Configuration: Databricks Runtime Version: 7.0 (includes Apache Spark 3.0.0, Scala 2.12) Driver & Worker Type: 14.0 GB Memory, 4 Cores, 0.75 DBU Standard_DS3_v2; I have installed the following library: Dec 15, 2018 · Getting java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver exception Hot Network Questions Why did 1990s-2000s LCD all use 60 Hz refresh? awesome. When I tried to run the failing testcase in Intellij it told me about the 'java.lang.IllegalStateException: Detected both log4j-over-slf4j.jar AND bound slf4j-log4j12.jar on the class path' And hidden in the stacktrace it showed: 'at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<clinit>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:96) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder ...NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.cxf.attachment.AttachmentUtil means that JVM failed to initialize the AttachmentUtil class.. Apache CXF 3.3.X should support JDK 11 as per FAQ.Mar 14, 2018 · java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.font.PDFont. For other file extensions it works fine. Things I have tried out dependencies in apache-tika module.xml to PDFbox Explicitly loaded org.apache.pdfbox from standalone.xml If this specific jar doesn't suit you, there are a few others where chis class could be found. If you use Eclipse, there is a handy tool that allows you to see what jars contain the class you need, and this way you can see what makes most sense given what you are doing. Under Mac, you can press CMD+Shift+T and enter the class name. Hope this helps.Jan 5, 2021 · 1. I've decided to post this question because it took me the whole morning to find a solution... especially because the most common reason for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class weblogic.jndi.Environment to occur, is when weblogic.jar and wlfullclient.jar aren't being properly located by any of IDE, WebApp, or WL. It seems Apache POI is trying to load the class org.apache.xmlbeans.XMLOptions but it cannot find this class. The message Could not initialize class SomeClass indicates that the JVM has twice tried and failed to load and statically initialize the class SomeClass. In this case, the class in question is org.apache.poi.POIXMLDocument.You're probably missing some dependant library. In Eclipse you can look inside the jar file from project explorer and verify that there is a package 'org.apache.axis.client' and it contains class AxisClient. (If you're not in Eclipse then otherwise you can just unpack your jar and see that the class is there - many possibilities for that, you ...Jun 28, 2021 · I have seen this: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class XXX And this: Different methodologies for solving bugs that only occur in production But my question is, given what the ... Feb 20, 2013 · Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams "java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.xml.security.Init" the confusing part is if I remove the xmlsec.jar from libs, it still knows the . import "org.apache.xml.security.Init" but when I delete that and try to rewrite the same: import "org.apache.xml.security.Init"Nov 26, 2013 · Weblogic Start Failed java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: weblogic/Server Hot Network Questions What are the conditions necessary for a programming language to have no undefined behavior? [Solved] java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.hibernate.validator.engine.ConfigurationImplSep 4, 2016 · "java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.xml.security.Init" the confusing part is if I remove the xmlsec.jar from libs, it still knows the . import "org.apache.xml.security.Init" but when I delete that and try to rewrite the same: import "org.apache.xml.security.Init" Assuming by 'standard' you both mean Oracle, there is no difference in JSSE between Oracle and OpenJDK (and no difference in the rest of JCE except that in versions before late 2017 Oracle defaulted to the 'limited' crypto policy due to former US export rules, and you needed to add the 'unlimited policy' download, while OpenJDK ddi not).Prerequisites I'm trying to rewrite test written with Mockito to avoid open Kotlin classes. For that I use Annotations API as most similar to those in Mockito. In example on website I see an @InjectMockKs over TrafficSystem class without...Apparently it was an issue with the server environment, probably the environment variables where not pointing to the right place, don't know for sure but after we talk about it the person in charge fixed the problem.Jun 18, 2020 · Prerequisites I'm trying to rewrite test written with Mockito to avoid open Kotlin classes. For that I use Annotations API as most similar to those in Mockito. In example on website I see an @InjectMockKs over TrafficSystem class without... After wasting almost one day and finding that the jar is already on my class path, i further debugged it and found that when java's reflection mechanism was trying to find a method which was already present in the "methods list" it was not able to find due to some version conflict between Jedis version (2.7.2) not compatible with Spring Data Redis (1.5.0.RELEASE), this issue has already been ...Assuming by 'standard' you both mean Oracle, there is no difference in JSSE between Oracle and OpenJDK (and no difference in the rest of JCE except that in versions before late 2017 Oracle defaulted to the 'limited' crypto policy due to former US export rules, and you needed to add the 'unlimited policy' download, while OpenJDK ddi not).Aug 28, 2020 · After much searching, I found several instances of this including java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.codehaus.groovy.vmplugin.v7.Java7, but most are older posts on older versions of gradle and groovy or they are related to android. Here is my version info: Mar 14, 2018 · java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.font.PDFont. For other file extensions it works fine. Things I have tried out dependencies in apache-tika module.xml to PDFbox Explicitly loaded org.apache.pdfbox from standalone.xml That also worked just fine for me while using OpenJDK 11. w/o any code modification. I am using java.base.* enc/dec on my fronted class instead of javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter, but jjwt (0.9.0) brings it back in when generating the token."java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.xml.security.Init" the confusing part is if I remove the xmlsec.jar from libs, it still knows the . import "org.apache.xml.security.Init" but when I delete that and try to rewrite the same: import "org.apache.xml.security.Init"Jan 9, 2021 · Assuming by 'standard' you both mean Oracle, there is no difference in JSSE between Oracle and OpenJDK (and no difference in the rest of JCE except that in versions before late 2017 Oracle defaulted to the 'limited' crypto policy due to former US export rules, and you needed to add the 'unlimited policy' download, while OpenJDK ddi not). 20. I'm working on XUbuntu 13.04 and developing swing applications. As I just wanted to try that application I ran into java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class java.awt.Toolkit on startup. I've found several questions about server/client vms and noticed that I have a server VM and that for Linux 64 there is no client VM anymore.Oct 29, 2021 · 5 Answers. I think you might be using the wrong version of Java. From the doc: Spark runs on Java 8/11, Scala 2.12, Python 3.6+ and R 3.5+. Python 3.6 support is deprecated as of Spark 3.2.0. Java 8 prior to version 8u201 support is deprecated as of Spark 3.2.0. For the Scala API, Spark 3.2.0 uses Scala 2.12. Aug 10, 2015 · Spark Error: Could not initialize class org.apache.spark.rdd.RDDOperationScope. I've created a spark standalone cluster on my laptop, then I go into an sbt console on a spark project and try to embed a spark instance as so: val conf = new SparkConf ().setAppName ("foo").setMaster (/* Spark Master URL*/) val sc = new SparkContext (conf) sc ... Oct 4, 2018 · If this specific jar doesn't suit you, there are a few others where chis class could be found. If you use Eclipse, there is a handy tool that allows you to see what jars contain the class you need, and this way you can see what makes most sense given what you are doing. Under Mac, you can press CMD+Shift+T and enter the class name. Hope this helps. May 2, 2011 · The message Could not initialize class org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration means that the JVM has already tried and failed to initialize the class org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration. The source code of the class contains the following line: Since this field is marked static, the field's value is set when the class has initialized. 1. That is almost certainly not the complete stack trace. Either that stack trace or an earlier one in the log file will tell you what caused the initialization of sun.awt.X11.XToolkit to fail. However, I'd hazard a guess that the root cause is that the JVM running the web countainer is "headless"; i.e. it doesn't have an accessible display.1 Usually it is caused by class conflict. There is multiple version of the jar used in your project,and java picked the incorrect one. You can check which version is really in dependency hierarchy by passing the artifactId.The root cause of the issue is correct - missed "Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable" but I haven't had installed exact version - "Microsoft Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable х64", and the similar environment works well without errors.Feb 19, 2013 · This is my hibernate util code public class HibernateUtil { private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory(); private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() { ... What Is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError? When the Java Runtime runs a Java program, it does not load all the classes and dependencies at once. Instead, it calls upon the Java Classloader to load classes in memory as-and-when-required. While loading a class, if the Classloader cannot find the class’s definition, it throws the NoClassDefFoundError.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.cxf.attachment.AttachmentUtil means that JVM failed to initialize the AttachmentUtil class.. Apache CXF 3.3.X should support JDK 11 as per FAQ.I am getting this exception java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.codehaus.groovy.vmplugin.v7.Java7 and java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.ReflectionCache) when i run the spring boot application. I am using below tools
awesome. When I tried to run the failing testcase in Intellij it told me about the 'java.lang.IllegalStateException: Detected both log4j-over-slf4j.jar AND bound slf4j-log4j12.jar on the class path' And hidden in the stacktrace it showed: 'at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<clinit>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:96) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder .... Porno cosplay
Jun 28, 2021 · I have seen this: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class XXX And this: Different methodologies for solving bugs that only occur in production But my question is, given what the ... For me the issue was due to the fact that in my pom.xml Java 13 was mentioned, on the server machine java 17 was installed. So updated server java version to be what it is in pom.xml If you have multiple versions of JDK on Linux please use this command to choose the correct oneMay 13, 2022 · java.lang.IllegalAccessError: class org.apache.spark.storage.StorageUtils$ (in unnamed module @0x12a94400) cannot access class sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer (in module java.base) because module java.base does not export sun.nio.ch to unnamed module 20. I'm working on XUbuntu 13.04 and developing swing applications. As I just wanted to try that application I ran into java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class java.awt.Toolkit on startup. I've found several questions about server/client vms and noticed that I have a server VM and that for Linux 64 there is no client VM anymore.I want to use SAP JCo to select user data for my Java program. But all I got is: Sep 23, 2014 1:34:28 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [This is another common reason for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, when your class performs some static initialization in a static block like many Singleton classes initialized itself on the static block to take advantage of thread-safety provided by JVM during the class initialization process, and if static block throws an Exception, the class ...Could not initialize class org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.proxy.ProxyControl Hot Network Questions Looking for a series of books that starts with a girl looking in her fridge, realizing she doesn’t like what’s in there and switches itMay 2, 2011 · The message Could not initialize class org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration means that the JVM has already tried and failed to initialize the class org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration. The source code of the class contains the following line: Since this field is marked static, the field's value is set when the class has initialized. hibernate -annotation.jar and hibernate-common-annotation.jar are different? i included hibernate-common-annotation.jar but i still getting java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration. i am using hibernate with jpa specification –Glassfish 5 will not start after enable-secure-admin command 2 java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: sun.security.ssl.SSLSessionImpl.<init> in Spring, Hibernate and JSF project running on Glassfish with Java 8Spark Error: Could not initialize class org.apache.spark.rdd.RDDOperationScope. I've created a spark standalone cluster on my laptop, then I go into an sbt console on a spark project and try to embed a spark instance as so: val conf = new SparkConf ().setAppName ("foo").setMaster (/* Spark Master URL*/) val sc = new SparkContext (conf) sc ...What Is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError? When the Java Runtime runs a Java program, it does not load all the classes and dependencies at once. Instead, it calls upon the Java Classloader to load classes in memory as-and-when-required. While loading a class, if the Classloader cannot find the class’s definition, it throws the NoClassDefFoundError..